"Obesity" for everyone, no longer believe that a strange term. When moving towards the direction of our lives well-off, at the same time you will find the environment of fat seems to be more and more, more and more fat, even a little inattentive when you might become a "family of fat people," a member of the . Some people say that fat is not fat, will be able to see at a glance, it is. But the diagnosis of obesity, the naked eye observation can not be used as evidence, scientific evidence is needed.
Tongsudeshuo, obesity is the excessive accumulation of body fat. The medical profession believe that if a person daily food intake is greater than the energy contained in the body of consumption, this part of the excess energy might be in the form of fat to be stored in the body, with the passage of time, this person's body weight may be more than the normal The standard body weight. When a person's body weight over 10%, referred to as overweight; higher than the standard weight of 20%, known as the mildly obese; higher than the standard weight of 30%, known as the moderate obesity; higher than the standard weight of more than 50% That severe obesity.
Obesity was referring to: the body due to the ultra-long-term energy intake - obesity patients have recovered guide consumption, leading to excessive accumulation of fat in the body caused by a disease symptoms. At present, that when a person's weight exceeds the standard weight of more than 20%, or BMI (body mass index, referred to as body mass index, BMl)> 25kg/m2 (foreign male> 27kg/m2, women> 25kg/m2 for Targets), called on obesity.
Saturday, October 18, 2008
Food intake (appetite) by the impact of the factors
The study found that food intake (appetite) are influenced by many factors, generally can be divided into two types: one is external factors, and the other is the body's internal factors.
(1) affect the food intake of the main external factors: ① the appearance of the food; ② food availability; ③ food composition; ④ bad eating habits.
(2) affect the food intake of internal factors, including human food intake control mechanism in this regard, we also know very little, but that may include: ① short-term control mechanisms; ② long-term control mechanisms. These control mechanisms of control of the body through a variety of receptors and chemical factors.
(1) affect the food intake of the main external factors: ① the appearance of the food; ② food availability; ③ food composition; ④ bad eating habits.
(2) affect the food intake of internal factors, including human food intake control mechanism in this regard, we also know very little, but that may include: ① short-term control mechanisms; ② long-term control mechanisms. These control mechanisms of control of the body through a variety of receptors and chemical factors.
Fat people and thin with the seasons are related to it?
Many people have such a feeling of summer when people like some thin, and the other seasons, especially in the winter, people's weight gain is more obvious. Do people with the Pan Shou, there are relations between the season?
The survey found that about half of the weight in the winter time than the increase in the summer. The researchers, this may be related to the cold in the winter, reducing the amount of exercise, as well as the short day long night of the season to make changes to reduce people's social activities, increased sleep and other factors, coupled with the thick winter clothes to cover up the reality of weight gain So that the people's vigilance decline in obesity. Swiss scientists have recently found that in the winter sun often less than the sun may be causing some people gain weight. Did not see the sun, you can make some people's eating habits change, their appetite increases, the demand for sugar. For such patients if their room lights enhance the effect of 5-20 times, the symptoms will improve rapidly.
The survey found that about half of the weight in the winter time than the increase in the summer. The researchers, this may be related to the cold in the winter, reducing the amount of exercise, as well as the short day long night of the season to make changes to reduce people's social activities, increased sleep and other factors, coupled with the thick winter clothes to cover up the reality of weight gain So that the people's vigilance decline in obesity. Swiss scientists have recently found that in the winter sun often less than the sun may be causing some people gain weight. Did not see the sun, you can make some people's eating habits change, their appetite increases, the demand for sugar. For such patients if their room lights enhance the effect of 5-20 times, the symptoms will improve rapidly.
Friday, October 17, 2008
Weight loss diet therapy and exercise to lose weight the benefits of combination therapy
Weight loss diet therapy and exercise to lose weight the benefits of combination therapy are the following:
① separate weight loss diet therapy, patients must strictly limit the intake of dietary energy, it was the weight loss diet therapy known as the painful therapy. When combining the two, catering to the requirements is not particularly stringent, and patients find it easier to accept. In particular, for those who previously had the habit of taking exercise in patients with obesity, a lack of weight loss is even more painful.
② diet to lose weight in the process of implementation of the therapy in patients with reduced intake of food energy, in order to enable the machine to accumulate in the body's fat burning, into the use of energy for the body. Consumption of fat in the body at the same time, there are inevitably a certain amount of muscle tissue has been consumed. When the weight loss diet therapy and exercise to lose weight when used in conjunction with therapy, avoid the emergence of the body's protective low metabolism, reduce the consumption of muscle.
① separate weight loss diet therapy, patients must strictly limit the intake of dietary energy, it was the weight loss diet therapy known as the painful therapy. When combining the two, catering to the requirements is not particularly stringent, and patients find it easier to accept. In particular, for those who previously had the habit of taking exercise in patients with obesity, a lack of weight loss is even more painful.
② diet to lose weight in the process of implementation of the therapy in patients with reduced intake of food energy, in order to enable the machine to accumulate in the body's fat burning, into the use of energy for the body. Consumption of fat in the body at the same time, there are inevitably a certain amount of muscle tissue has been consumed. When the weight loss diet therapy and exercise to lose weight when used in conjunction with therapy, avoid the emergence of the body's protective low metabolism, reduce the consumption of muscle.
Diabetes drug also can cure obesity
WebMD Medical News: "Journal of metabolism," a recently published study showed that metformin hydrochloride that conventional diabetes drug may also help prevent young people suffering from obesity, the drug's mechanism of action is the main regulator of blood glucose. University of Tennessee College of Medicine pediatrician who studies early in the 24 cases of obese children so that a low-calorie food intake, men, girls per day for 1800 and 1500, respectively cards, and half of them to take the metformin hydrochloride . After eight weeks of the inspection results show that the void with the control group, while those who took metformin hydrochloride diet of the children's weight dropped by 6.5 percent, almost twice as much for the former. In addition, experts also found that the children's blood insulin, Lepa solanine, cholesterol and triglyceride levels should also lower than the control group, these parameters are in fact increase the risk of diabetes and other heart Disease risk factors. However, experts warned that such treatment is not entirely without risk, because some of the children taking the drug also showed some side effects, including nausea, dizziness and Xi Bian, and so on.
How to calculate a variety of Western-style fast-food energy
With the deepening of reform and opening up, foreign fast-food variety of fast food such as hamburgers, hot dogs, PIZZA into China one after another, and so on, used to eat the traditional Chinese diet, these fast-food fast-food indeed a unique taste of fresh, so Many people with mental try to taste. Would like to remind you: this type of "foreign" energy contained in fast food is usually higher than with the traditional Chinese diet, Chang Si lead to more Western-style fast-food energy intake is too occurrence. At present, that this diet might be the residents of western countries in the incidence of obesity increased one of the important factors. Table lists the people of Western-style fast food often, a variety of condiments and beverages contained in the energy value.
What is the real eat well, they are well
On the table in the master's favorite saying is: "you eat, eat." To that end, the master often kept the visitors to the Zhenjiu, Xiecai. What could we do that right? What is the real food, enough to eat? Nutrition on the full, it refers to the body's energy consumption and taken to achieve even if the value; eat, referring to the nutrients in food intake ratio is reasonable. The real eat, the body is full of energy intake and consumption should be more or less balanced, nutrient intake ratio to be appropriate. This "chain of chopsticks every day, nothing wine," eating and drinking is clearly the difference.
The extension of breast-feeding can prevent obesity
Iceland to a new survey shows that the extension of breast-feeding babies can reduce their future risk of suffering from obesity.
According to the "Sweden Daily" reported that researchers at the University of Iceland on 140 children up to 7 years of follow-up survey of children from birth until they go to school until the beginning. The researchers found that breast-feeding more than 8 months of breast-feeding for children and only 6 months or less than 6 months compared to the weight of children is very obvious difference. Due to longer breast-feeding children a relatively slower pace of growth, when their 6-year-old light-important in the short duration of breast-feeding children.
Iceland University nutrition professor said because of the increase for the current phenomenon of the medical profession have different interpretations. A theory is that breast-feeding can control the baby's protein intake; Another theory is that breast-feeding to infants in accordance with the decision to eat their own needs, so as to better regulate nutrient intake. In addition, it was of the view that obesity is an inflammatory, to extend the period of breast-feeding can enhance children's immunity.
As a result of that increase, from Iceland's findings, the best breast-feeding infants should be 1 year, according to the World Health Organization recommends that infants be breast-feeding for six months.
According to the "Sweden Daily" reported that researchers at the University of Iceland on 140 children up to 7 years of follow-up survey of children from birth until they go to school until the beginning. The researchers found that breast-feeding more than 8 months of breast-feeding for children and only 6 months or less than 6 months compared to the weight of children is very obvious difference. Due to longer breast-feeding children a relatively slower pace of growth, when their 6-year-old light-important in the short duration of breast-feeding children.
Iceland University nutrition professor said because of the increase for the current phenomenon of the medical profession have different interpretations. A theory is that breast-feeding can control the baby's protein intake; Another theory is that breast-feeding to infants in accordance with the decision to eat their own needs, so as to better regulate nutrient intake. In addition, it was of the view that obesity is an inflammatory, to extend the period of breast-feeding can enhance children's immunity.
As a result of that increase, from Iceland's findings, the best breast-feeding infants should be 1 year, according to the World Health Organization recommends that infants be breast-feeding for six months.
Is the only fat deposition in the subcutaneous?
It was previously believed that due to differences in body mass, body fat deposition also have some differences. Some people may be the main deposition of fat in the subcutaneous tissue in the body, the so-called fat appearance. Some of the fat is deposited on the main internal organs, the appearance of these people do not feel too fat, to be weighed on "Yuanxingbilou." Now that the original study, the deposition of fat in the body is at the same time line. That is part of the deposition of fat in the skin at the same time, there will be a part of internal organs, in the deposition.
Wednesday, October 15, 2008
Why obese people with fatty liver?
Fatty liver is more common in obese people as a complication of many obese people after a super-B and liver aspiration inspection found that often occurred in the liver steatosis, while there have been severe fatty liver. Liver tissue examination showed that: about 50% of the combined fatty liver, especially abdominal obesity occurred in people more opportunities for fatty liver. Why?
Originally, the normal liver contains only a small amount of fat, about 4% - 7%. This is a small amount of fat in the half for the neutral fats (triglycerides), for the rest of the PC and a small amount of cholesterol. Synthesis of fatty liver is neutral and use of the main organs, not fat storage sites. Liver will continue to enter the synthesis of fatty acids in the liver triglyceride, and soon a new synthesis of triglycerides in lipoprotein (mainly very low density lipoprotein) in the form of release into the blood circulation. But when the liver's synthesis of triglycerides and operation of the imbalance, a large number of neutral fat in the liver can be formed when the accumulation of fatty liver.
Abdominal fat people are prone to fatty liver, because the fat around the abdomen to stimulate the cells to a more sensitive, resulting in abdominal fat by the liver cells to be transmitted to the increase in fatty acids. Fatty liver in addition to the blocked part of the synthesis of cholesterol and phospholipids, the major synthetic triglycerides, triglyceride synthesis of new liver cells with rough endoplasmic reticulum of the synthetic APO, the formation of VLDL ─ ─ triglycerides Ester released into the blood when the liver's synthesis of triglycerides in liver more than its ability to transfer out, or the formation of VLDL output took place obstacles can lead to accumulation of triglycerides in the liver and fatty liver occurred.
In addition, the number of obese people have impaired glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinemia in obesity prevalence of fatty liver played an important role. Surrounding tissue as a result of lower insulin sensitivity, the ability of muscle glucose uptake was also reduced, so that glucose can not fully be used, the excess glucose continuously to stimulate a large number of insulin-secreting islet cells.
The role of insulin in the liver, glucose and fatty acid synthesis of a large number of triglycerides, and subsequent endogenous fatty liver and hyperlipidemia.
As a result, obese patients with abdominal obesity in particular, patients should actively cooperate with the weight loss treatment, fundamentally the prevention and treatment of fatty liver.
Originally, the normal liver contains only a small amount of fat, about 4% - 7%. This is a small amount of fat in the half for the neutral fats (triglycerides), for the rest of the PC and a small amount of cholesterol. Synthesis of fatty liver is neutral and use of the main organs, not fat storage sites. Liver will continue to enter the synthesis of fatty acids in the liver triglyceride, and soon a new synthesis of triglycerides in lipoprotein (mainly very low density lipoprotein) in the form of release into the blood circulation. But when the liver's synthesis of triglycerides and operation of the imbalance, a large number of neutral fat in the liver can be formed when the accumulation of fatty liver.
Abdominal fat people are prone to fatty liver, because the fat around the abdomen to stimulate the cells to a more sensitive, resulting in abdominal fat by the liver cells to be transmitted to the increase in fatty acids. Fatty liver in addition to the blocked part of the synthesis of cholesterol and phospholipids, the major synthetic triglycerides, triglyceride synthesis of new liver cells with rough endoplasmic reticulum of the synthetic APO, the formation of VLDL ─ ─ triglycerides Ester released into the blood when the liver's synthesis of triglycerides in liver more than its ability to transfer out, or the formation of VLDL output took place obstacles can lead to accumulation of triglycerides in the liver and fatty liver occurred.
In addition, the number of obese people have impaired glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinemia in obesity prevalence of fatty liver played an important role. Surrounding tissue as a result of lower insulin sensitivity, the ability of muscle glucose uptake was also reduced, so that glucose can not fully be used, the excess glucose continuously to stimulate a large number of insulin-secreting islet cells.
The role of insulin in the liver, glucose and fatty acid synthesis of a large number of triglycerides, and subsequent endogenous fatty liver and hyperlipidemia.
As a result, obese patients with abdominal obesity in particular, patients should actively cooperate with the weight loss treatment, fundamentally the prevention and treatment of fatty liver.
Excess fat is not the same
1. The law of growth in height in children
Is the first year of the fastest-growing. General full-term infants at birth to an average height of 50 cm, 25 cm increase in the first year, 6 months for the first time in particular, growth. The second year the growth rate slowed down significantly, an increase of about 11 cm. 2-year-old to adolescence (about 10 years old), the annual growth rate of 6 to 7 centimeters.
2 to 10-year-old child is generally available to the average projection formula:
Height (cm) = age × 5 + 75 (cm)
Standing by a significant genetic influence, in addition, the nutritional status and living conditions, sunny air, disease, endocrinology, and so can be affected in varying degrees of growth in height.
2. The law of weight gain in children
The normal law is younger, the faster the weight gain. 1 year old with body weight in children is increasing the fastest stage of life, 1-year increase of 7 kg: 1 to 3-year-old child for the period, the growth rate of body weight in children than in infancy (age 1 month to) slow; after the 3-year-old to 10 years old, weight The average annual increase of about 2 kg.
3. Height and weight boys and girls change
And in the same age children in the past, today's children grow, early development. Experts on contemporary children's height and weight standards for a large-scale study found that a number of laws: 9-year-old before the boy's weight, height more than girls; 10-year-old, tall girls than boys start; 11 13-year-old girl's height, weight indicators than boys; 14-year-old, tall boys than girls, but the weight is still slightly higher than girls, boys; 15-year-old, the boy's weight, height and more than girls.
4.2 to 12-year-old child's weight calculation
2 to 12-year-old child weighs more or less standard formula that can be used to express:
Weight (kg) = chronological age × 2 + 8
The formula is only average, in fact the same age children will be the weight difference. Such as: emphasis on girls than boys (with the exception of the early youth), high body weight of children more heavily, sawed-off more light on. In short, as long as up and down not far from the average, that can be normal.
5. Overweight and obesity differ
Overweight referred to as "overweight" refers to the actual measured their body weight than the standard weight of 10% and 20%; more than 20% compared to the "obese." Overweight children can easily develop into fat should be as soon as possible to take preventive measures.
Need to pay attention to situations: some children at an early age weightlifting, football, swimming, acrobatics, such as school, physical activity, high-intensity exercise, so unusually well-developed muscles, their body weight than the standard weight of more than 20%, but the amount of body fat has Normal, it is not considered obese; some children suffering from certain diseases so that the moisture retention in the body too much, if ascites or edema of lower limb, even if their weight exceeds the standard weight of 20% can not be said to be obese; some children's lives Comfort, lack of exercise, due to less activity, not energy consumption in a timely manner, resulting in excessive accumulation of fat in the body, although the weight does not exceed the standard weight of 20%, should belong to obesity.
Is the first year of the fastest-growing. General full-term infants at birth to an average height of 50 cm, 25 cm increase in the first year, 6 months for the first time in particular, growth. The second year the growth rate slowed down significantly, an increase of about 11 cm. 2-year-old to adolescence (about 10 years old), the annual growth rate of 6 to 7 centimeters.
2 to 10-year-old child is generally available to the average projection formula:
Height (cm) = age × 5 + 75 (cm)
Standing by a significant genetic influence, in addition, the nutritional status and living conditions, sunny air, disease, endocrinology, and so can be affected in varying degrees of growth in height.
2. The law of weight gain in children
The normal law is younger, the faster the weight gain. 1 year old with body weight in children is increasing the fastest stage of life, 1-year increase of 7 kg: 1 to 3-year-old child for the period, the growth rate of body weight in children than in infancy (age 1 month to) slow; after the 3-year-old to 10 years old, weight The average annual increase of about 2 kg.
3. Height and weight boys and girls change
And in the same age children in the past, today's children grow, early development. Experts on contemporary children's height and weight standards for a large-scale study found that a number of laws: 9-year-old before the boy's weight, height more than girls; 10-year-old, tall girls than boys start; 11 13-year-old girl's height, weight indicators than boys; 14-year-old, tall boys than girls, but the weight is still slightly higher than girls, boys; 15-year-old, the boy's weight, height and more than girls.
4.2 to 12-year-old child's weight calculation
2 to 12-year-old child weighs more or less standard formula that can be used to express:
Weight (kg) = chronological age × 2 + 8
The formula is only average, in fact the same age children will be the weight difference. Such as: emphasis on girls than boys (with the exception of the early youth), high body weight of children more heavily, sawed-off more light on. In short, as long as up and down not far from the average, that can be normal.
5. Overweight and obesity differ
Overweight referred to as "overweight" refers to the actual measured their body weight than the standard weight of 10% and 20%; more than 20% compared to the "obese." Overweight children can easily develop into fat should be as soon as possible to take preventive measures.
Need to pay attention to situations: some children at an early age weightlifting, football, swimming, acrobatics, such as school, physical activity, high-intensity exercise, so unusually well-developed muscles, their body weight than the standard weight of more than 20%, but the amount of body fat has Normal, it is not considered obese; some children suffering from certain diseases so that the moisture retention in the body too much, if ascites or edema of lower limb, even if their weight exceeds the standard weight of 20% can not be said to be obese; some children's lives Comfort, lack of exercise, due to less activity, not energy consumption in a timely manner, resulting in excessive accumulation of fat in the body, although the weight does not exceed the standard weight of 20%, should belong to obesity.
Fat people is long, long life or Thin Man
There is a saying in Chinese called "old money Nanmai thin." Do not know if our ancestors had this to say when there is not done any scientific study, but these words now on, or very far-sighted.
And the fat on the Thin Man Who longevity, it was not yet see the system had been reported. However, the domestic life of the elderly in the investigation, we find that such a phenomenon, that is, the longer and more elderly people to build thin and small, little overweight, obesity, let alone the fact that this appears to have indirectly illustrates the problem. According to a survey of the United States, with the increase in the degree of obesity, obesity increased mortality. Investigators compared the same age group were obese and normal mortality found that more than a normal body weight per 4.5 kilograms, the death rate increased by 8%. Compared with normal weight, one marked more than 50% of body weight, the death rate increased by 30%; 100% more than the standard weight, its mortality rate than the normal 150% increase. A number of foreign insurance companies will levy a fat face amount of insurance is generally higher than those of normal weight, and with varying degrees of weight gain and to distinguish between. Of course, this would constitute a "weight discrimination", we do not know. However, it appears that we should "have the money to the old Nanmai thin" at the back, along with "Obesity is the enemy of longevity," this sentence is more realistic, more comprehensive.
Shouzi obese than those who live longer, they are possibly suffering from obesity and hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, the incidence of the disease was significantly higher than those related to thin body.
And the fat on the Thin Man Who longevity, it was not yet see the system had been reported. However, the domestic life of the elderly in the investigation, we find that such a phenomenon, that is, the longer and more elderly people to build thin and small, little overweight, obesity, let alone the fact that this appears to have indirectly illustrates the problem. According to a survey of the United States, with the increase in the degree of obesity, obesity increased mortality. Investigators compared the same age group were obese and normal mortality found that more than a normal body weight per 4.5 kilograms, the death rate increased by 8%. Compared with normal weight, one marked more than 50% of body weight, the death rate increased by 30%; 100% more than the standard weight, its mortality rate than the normal 150% increase. A number of foreign insurance companies will levy a fat face amount of insurance is generally higher than those of normal weight, and with varying degrees of weight gain and to distinguish between. Of course, this would constitute a "weight discrimination", we do not know. However, it appears that we should "have the money to the old Nanmai thin" at the back, along with "Obesity is the enemy of longevity," this sentence is more realistic, more comprehensive.
Shouzi obese than those who live longer, they are possibly suffering from obesity and hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, the incidence of the disease was significantly higher than those related to thin body.
Tuesday, October 14, 2008
The nutritional value of foods and nutrients, does it not?
It is often said in the daily life of a food's nutritional value of high or low, often based on food that contained the type and quantity of nutrients to determine how many of the. However, due to the natural world without any kind of food containing the nutrients can be a separate body to meet the needs of all, so this is for the different needs of the people, but relatively speaking. It is often such as the thin pork and the nutritional value of soybeans, mainly referring to the type of food protein contained in the terms of the high volume. For those who need to add protein, lean pork and soy nutritional value is quite high. But for those who do not need to add protein of people, lean pork and the nutritional value of soybeans it is not so important. To meet the human needs of a variety of nutrients, the human must be different from the source of dietary intake of various food varieties.
Obesity affects the body's reproductive functions?
Whether simple or secondary obesity on human reproductive function is beyond doubt. With simple obesity, the survey found: From childhood obesity began, an adult often incomplete development of reproductive organs, such as uterine hypoplasia, ovarian dysfunction, and other performance; the beginning of puberty in obese people, often With irregular menstruation or decrease in the number of sperm, and not enough dynamic range of symptoms. All this can affect the body's reproductive function, infertility caused by obesity as a result of the current study, obesity has become a hot topic. Obesity secondary to human reproductive function of the original with a slight difference in the incidence of changes, such as congenital disorders of the reproductive function in patients with impotence completely unable to have children.
It should be noted that the process of weight loss, which are two key stage
In the implementation of the obese lose weight, the following should be noted that two key stages:
The first is the key to the beginning. In the initial stage of weight loss, patients often can be strictly in accordance with the guidance of a doctor, diet and exercise therapy treatment. Therefore, at this stage in patients with obvious weight loss. Yet it must be noted: In this initial stage, the stage, causing weight loss is mainly caused by the protein in muscle tissue and the loss of water rather than by consumption of fatty tissue. The researchers also pointed out that no one in the first weight loss within 1 week weight will drop soon, but this time only the reduction of body fat rather than water. During this period, the patients in the short term due to be able to see their "remarkable" achievements of the weight loss is often very happy. However, this phase of the short duration, the body of water loss and negative nitrogen balance after a period of time to adapt to the After gradually reduced. Especially in the diet in the supply of quality protein, the body of negative energy balance to the gradual transition to the main body through the consumption of fat to compensate. It was mentioned in front of the same weight of fat provided by the energy of the protein is more than 1, the rate of weight loss when smaller, slower speed. With appropriate physical activity, although the body can break down fat, but also enable the body to reduce the negative nitrogen balance, the increase in protein synthesis. As a result, even though at this time in the amount of body fat reduction, but not the magnitude of changes in body weight, then easily cause patients to lose weight a false sense of void, so that patients lose confidence. At this point patients should be given a detailed explanation of these changes in the body, strengthen the confidence of patients.
It should be noted that the second critical stage, the patient achieved remarkable results in weight loss after that period of time. At this point in patients with body weight decreased significantly, patients immersed in the joy of the success of weight loss, easy to relax their control over diet and sports to keep the volume, which could cause excessive energy intake again. This stage if they can not adhere to the patients often come to naught, and give the impression that life-long regret. U.S. scientists have found that many of the purposes of weight loss in patients 1 year after treatment period of time, has lost weight often will be picked up, mainly to lose weight and diet can slow down the rate of patients with body metabolism, weight loss, even a small increase in food intake Will lead to weight gain related. The researchers pointed out that in order to successfully maintain their weight loss results, it should appropriately increase the amount of exercise. Therefore, at this stage to remind patients to maintain a low energy diet, adhere to the sport, is the only way to consolidate the effects of weight loss, body weight to avoid rebound.
The first is the key to the beginning. In the initial stage of weight loss, patients often can be strictly in accordance with the guidance of a doctor, diet and exercise therapy treatment. Therefore, at this stage in patients with obvious weight loss. Yet it must be noted: In this initial stage, the stage, causing weight loss is mainly caused by the protein in muscle tissue and the loss of water rather than by consumption of fatty tissue. The researchers also pointed out that no one in the first weight loss within 1 week weight will drop soon, but this time only the reduction of body fat rather than water. During this period, the patients in the short term due to be able to see their "remarkable" achievements of the weight loss is often very happy. However, this phase of the short duration, the body of water loss and negative nitrogen balance after a period of time to adapt to the After gradually reduced. Especially in the diet in the supply of quality protein, the body of negative energy balance to the gradual transition to the main body through the consumption of fat to compensate. It was mentioned in front of the same weight of fat provided by the energy of the protein is more than 1, the rate of weight loss when smaller, slower speed. With appropriate physical activity, although the body can break down fat, but also enable the body to reduce the negative nitrogen balance, the increase in protein synthesis. As a result, even though at this time in the amount of body fat reduction, but not the magnitude of changes in body weight, then easily cause patients to lose weight a false sense of void, so that patients lose confidence. At this point patients should be given a detailed explanation of these changes in the body, strengthen the confidence of patients.
It should be noted that the second critical stage, the patient achieved remarkable results in weight loss after that period of time. At this point in patients with body weight decreased significantly, patients immersed in the joy of the success of weight loss, easy to relax their control over diet and sports to keep the volume, which could cause excessive energy intake again. This stage if they can not adhere to the patients often come to naught, and give the impression that life-long regret. U.S. scientists have found that many of the purposes of weight loss in patients 1 year after treatment period of time, has lost weight often will be picked up, mainly to lose weight and diet can slow down the rate of patients with body metabolism, weight loss, even a small increase in food intake Will lead to weight gain related. The researchers pointed out that in order to successfully maintain their weight loss results, it should appropriately increase the amount of exercise. Therefore, at this stage to remind patients to maintain a low energy diet, adhere to the sport, is the only way to consolidate the effects of weight loss, body weight to avoid rebound.
Monday, October 13, 2008
Sugars on the human body and the role of nutritional value
Sugar is the main physiological functions of the human body to provide the necessary energy, 1 g sugar oxidation in the body can produce 16.7 kJ (4 kcal) energy. Sugar also constitutes a heavy human tissues
To the material composition in the course of human life plays an important role.
Sugars from the diet in the human body is made of heat in the most economical method is the most important means of energy supply. Carbohydrate and protein and fat in the body's metabolism is closely related to. If the food shortage in the supply of sugar, the body will have to use the protein to meet the body's energy activities, which will affect the body's synthesis of new proteins and organizations to update the rate. When carbohydrate and protein intake along with the body, the body of nitrogen retention than when the high-protein diet alone. This is mainly because the organization of free amino acids have been re-synthesis of protein needed to consume a large amount of energy, both were taken at the same time, this part of the energy supply from sugar, a reduction of protein-induced Depletion. This phenomenon, known as the physiological role of the protein carbohydrate economy. When an adequate supply of sugar, can also prevent a large number of fat oxidation in the body and produce an excessive amount of ketones.
Sugar is an important material and human tissues, such as sugar and protein combined to form the cell membrane glycoprotein is an important component of one of the ingredients. It is also involved in a variety of human cell metabolism, human life is an indispensable material.
The main sugar in the body to glucose (blood sugar) or in the form of glycogen. Food intake or body into its own synthesis of glucose in the body needs energy.
To the material composition in the course of human life plays an important role.
Sugars from the diet in the human body is made of heat in the most economical method is the most important means of energy supply. Carbohydrate and protein and fat in the body's metabolism is closely related to. If the food shortage in the supply of sugar, the body will have to use the protein to meet the body's energy activities, which will affect the body's synthesis of new proteins and organizations to update the rate. When carbohydrate and protein intake along with the body, the body of nitrogen retention than when the high-protein diet alone. This is mainly because the organization of free amino acids have been re-synthesis of protein needed to consume a large amount of energy, both were taken at the same time, this part of the energy supply from sugar, a reduction of protein-induced Depletion. This phenomenon, known as the physiological role of the protein carbohydrate economy. When an adequate supply of sugar, can also prevent a large number of fat oxidation in the body and produce an excessive amount of ketones.
Sugar is an important material and human tissues, such as sugar and protein combined to form the cell membrane glycoprotein is an important component of one of the ingredients. It is also involved in a variety of human cell metabolism, human life is an indispensable material.
The main sugar in the body to glucose (blood sugar) or in the form of glycogen. Food intake or body into its own synthesis of glucose in the body needs energy.
Obesity can lead to breathing difficulties
According to a new study shows that true obesity can lead to breathing difficulties, but the need to further explore the reasons.
Recife, Brazil Boer Nan S. Federal University of W. Ladosky and his colleagues to line 77 of the fat gastroplasty patients (body mass index (BMI) to 40 ~ 69kg/m2) and 28 line of abdominal surgery Pianshou Persons (BMI for 20 ~ 29kg/m2) for the study to measure their lung function, including the breath residual capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity) and found that obese patients with shallow breathing, which Prompted the weight of adipose tissue on the chest wall of oppression can lead to the results of the abnormal.
The researchers found that when the body mass index increased, decreased vital capacity, which led to flow and volume also declined. Forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity proportional decline, with the largest amount of ventilation-related.
Ladosky believe that the increase in adipose tissue on the chest wall of the main pressure is to reduce the impact of its compliance, increased difficulty in breathing, leading to still lower the volume and flow, which is more obese patients with persistent severe respiratory diseases.
Recife, Brazil Boer Nan S. Federal University of W. Ladosky and his colleagues to line 77 of the fat gastroplasty patients (body mass index (BMI) to 40 ~ 69kg/m2) and 28 line of abdominal surgery Pianshou Persons (BMI for 20 ~ 29kg/m2) for the study to measure their lung function, including the breath residual capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity) and found that obese patients with shallow breathing, which Prompted the weight of adipose tissue on the chest wall of oppression can lead to the results of the abnormal.
The researchers found that when the body mass index increased, decreased vital capacity, which led to flow and volume also declined. Forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity proportional decline, with the largest amount of ventilation-related.
Ladosky believe that the increase in adipose tissue on the chest wall of the main pressure is to reduce the impact of its compliance, increased difficulty in breathing, leading to still lower the volume and flow, which is more obese patients with persistent severe respiratory diseases.
Obesity and the relationship between energy metabolism
Daily life can often hear people complain that obesity itself is not much to eat, but the weight has been on the rise. By the same token, we can see some Thin Man Although each meal to eat a large amount, but it will not happen obesity strange phenomenon.
Scientists through the use of over-eating animal fat to make a normal weight and normal diet for obese animals in the control study found that obese animals maintain their normal weight energy requirements, only about 5230 kJ (1250 kcal) / per square meter of body surface area; The normal weight if you want to maintain their normal body weight, you need 11,297 kJ (2700 kcal) / per square meter of body surface area of energy supply. This prompts individuals (especially those of normal weight and obesity among) there may be a significant difference in energy metabolism. So scientists the idea that the body Thin Man may have a way of thermal energy production capacity, and obesity may not have this ability, this ability or poor. Although some studies have confirmed that some of the patients have to fully prove it is still a lack of reliable evidence.
2. What is good eating habits
Obesity prevention and treatment of obesity, often referred to the adoption of a healthy diet. In that case, what is it good eating habits? Good eating habits should include the following aspects: ① to develop an early age do not eat snacks, sweets and eat less fried food habits. ② develop three meals a day, slowly eating habits. Do not go to bed at night before a late night in 1 hour, and do not omit breakfast. ③ not choosy food habit, not a particular kind of food habits. Varieties of food for human consumption should be diversified.
Scientists through the use of over-eating animal fat to make a normal weight and normal diet for obese animals in the control study found that obese animals maintain their normal weight energy requirements, only about 5230 kJ (1250 kcal) / per square meter of body surface area; The normal weight if you want to maintain their normal body weight, you need 11,297 kJ (2700 kcal) / per square meter of body surface area of energy supply. This prompts individuals (especially those of normal weight and obesity among) there may be a significant difference in energy metabolism. So scientists the idea that the body Thin Man may have a way of thermal energy production capacity, and obesity may not have this ability, this ability or poor. Although some studies have confirmed that some of the patients have to fully prove it is still a lack of reliable evidence.
2. What is good eating habits
Obesity prevention and treatment of obesity, often referred to the adoption of a healthy diet. In that case, what is it good eating habits? Good eating habits should include the following aspects: ① to develop an early age do not eat snacks, sweets and eat less fried food habits. ② develop three meals a day, slowly eating habits. Do not go to bed at night before a late night in 1 hour, and do not omit breakfast. ③ not choosy food habit, not a particular kind of food habits. Varieties of food for human consumption should be diversified.
What is the blood fat check?
At present, the hospital carried out blood lipid screening, mainly for blood (plasma), the lipid content for a quantitative method. Check the items used in general to the following groups: ① total cholesterol (Tch or TC) and cholesterol ester (chE) determination. ② triglyceride (TG) determination. ③ lipoprotein components and sub-components measured. Can be further divided into high-density lipoprotein (HDL, also known as high-density cholesterol, HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL, also known as low-density cholesterol, LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL , Also known as very low density cholesterol, VLD-C) three. ④ phospholipid (PL). Mainly phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine nerve and determination of phospholipids, and so on. ⑤ non-fat-fatty acids (also known as free fatty acids, FFA) determination. ⑥ traces of steroids and determination of fat-soluble vitamins. ⑦ apolipoprotein determination.
Changes in blood lipid concentration by a variety of factors, cholesterol and triglyceride increased with age and growth, 60-year-old reached its peak when, after a slight decline. Cholesterol levels in women after the early stage of pregnancy and after menopause is higher than usual.
Changes in blood lipid concentration by a variety of factors, cholesterol and triglyceride increased with age and growth, 60-year-old reached its peak when, after a slight decline. Cholesterol levels in women after the early stage of pregnancy and after menopause is higher than usual.
Simple obesity in patients with a good selection of ways to lose weight
This is a benevolent see benevolence, see the Wise-chi. However, the most commonly used method of weight loss as follows:
(1) diet therapy: all the patients with simple obesity, diet control in the process of weight loss therapy is the most used and most basis, the simplest method of weight loss. Diet therapy, including low-energy, low energy and short-term fasting therapy and other methods. In addition to diet therapy for patients with the food intake of total energy control, but also on the life of patients with eating habits and behavior modification process.
(2) physical activity: physical activity is most likely to be Ju You have no risk of pain and weight loss methods. If you are a sports fan, your campaign will run more fun. Movement on the health benefits do not have to say, the key to perseverance is needed, so that will achieve sustained weight loss. If physical activity and diet control combined together, well, in patients with obesity can be physical exercise Method There are many, each based on the actual situation of their own choice. In general, to choose to moderate amount of exercise; make his muscles have been training the whole body movement is appropriate.
(3) weight loss medication: market products (including slimming food) a lot of variety, but what a truly effective, but it is difficult conclusion. In foreign markets, as a result of服用减肥药caused by the death of disputes from time to time. At present, the medical profession on whether the drug alone can really achieve the purpose of weight loss, there is a lot of controversy. If diet and exercise therapy had no significant effect of the proper selection, or the use of the drug as a weight loss diet in the treatment of the kind of aid, we believe that is feasible. But if such drugs are not sure about the use or better.
(4) surgical treatment: surgery for obesity treatment method has been nearly 50 years. The main surgical treatment applied to re-use diet and exercise therapy ineffective in patients with severe obesity. For those patients with severe obesity and body shape have their own special requirements of patients to adopt that method of selection of weight loss surgery can be an immediate impact. However, due to surgery for patients with the risk of choosing surgery, patients should think twice before they act, not the use of conventional. Choice of surgical treatment of patients must be some indication in order to carry out surgery.
(5) other treatments: gene therapy for the treatment of obesity to open up a new heaven and earth, but is still at the stage of research of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation, weight loss, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture, Ear, massage, qigong, and other treatment methods have been proved to be Part of an effective obesity treatment. It is worth mentioning that traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture, Ear, massage therapy, as used by the body to adjust the overall function of the weight loss to achieve the objective, but also on human health will not have any side effects, who are interested in , The patient can give it a try.
(1) diet therapy: all the patients with simple obesity, diet control in the process of weight loss therapy is the most used and most basis, the simplest method of weight loss. Diet therapy, including low-energy, low energy and short-term fasting therapy and other methods. In addition to diet therapy for patients with the food intake of total energy control, but also on the life of patients with eating habits and behavior modification process.
(2) physical activity: physical activity is most likely to be Ju You have no risk of pain and weight loss methods. If you are a sports fan, your campaign will run more fun. Movement on the health benefits do not have to say, the key to perseverance is needed, so that will achieve sustained weight loss. If physical activity and diet control combined together, well, in patients with obesity can be physical exercise Method There are many, each based on the actual situation of their own choice. In general, to choose to moderate amount of exercise; make his muscles have been training the whole body movement is appropriate.
(3) weight loss medication: market products (including slimming food) a lot of variety, but what a truly effective, but it is difficult conclusion. In foreign markets, as a result of服用减肥药caused by the death of disputes from time to time. At present, the medical profession on whether the drug alone can really achieve the purpose of weight loss, there is a lot of controversy. If diet and exercise therapy had no significant effect of the proper selection, or the use of the drug as a weight loss diet in the treatment of the kind of aid, we believe that is feasible. But if such drugs are not sure about the use or better.
(4) surgical treatment: surgery for obesity treatment method has been nearly 50 years. The main surgical treatment applied to re-use diet and exercise therapy ineffective in patients with severe obesity. For those patients with severe obesity and body shape have their own special requirements of patients to adopt that method of selection of weight loss surgery can be an immediate impact. However, due to surgery for patients with the risk of choosing surgery, patients should think twice before they act, not the use of conventional. Choice of surgical treatment of patients must be some indication in order to carry out surgery.
(5) other treatments: gene therapy for the treatment of obesity to open up a new heaven and earth, but is still at the stage of research of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation, weight loss, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture, Ear, massage, qigong, and other treatment methods have been proved to be Part of an effective obesity treatment. It is worth mentioning that traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture, Ear, massage therapy, as used by the body to adjust the overall function of the weight loss to achieve the objective, but also on human health will not have any side effects, who are interested in , The patient can give it a try.
Short walk effective against obesity
According to the findings in a study, if you need to lose weight, 15-minute walk exercise may not be sufficient.
Switzerland biostatistics at the University of Geneva researcher Dr. Michael Costanza to WebMD said that the 15-minute walk to the movement of your state of mind and heart, to be useful, but the weight loss is not enough. His papers are being published in the American Journal of Public Health.
Some of the researcher suggested that people lose weight is to reduce the 100-calorie diet, or through the daily 15-minute walk quickly in order to moderate or burning 100 calories.
His research on fat-burning ultra-realistic point of view, Costanza to WebMD said that more people need to walk the distance to get rid of excess body weight.
In this experiment, Costanza spent 5 years to complete the 6010 survey, aged between 35-year-old to 74 years among adults in Switzerland's lifestyle, and then burning fat for the day planning the following day walking campaign Suggested that arrangements were 15-30 minutes of walking, were divided into slow, medium, or campaign-style quickly scamper, Law decided to take a different metabolic rate and burn fat volume.
If his mother were in accordance with the approach recommended by the exercise, he found, such as the following:
* Average daily adult slow walk for 15 minutes, only 9 of burning calories.
* The average adult slow walk 30 minutes a day, burning only 25 calories.
The mother assumed that all those involved in the implementation of a more difficult exercise, the following results would be expected to:
* Moderate walking 15 minutes a day can burn 36 calories of heat.
* Walking quickly to increase calorie burning, quickly walking 30 minutes a day can burn 129 calories.
Costanza pointed out that if you set the goal of burning 100 calories a day for heat, the 15-minute walk exercise is not enough to walk the walk through the consumption of energy is very little, need more time to walk the trot In order to really increase calorie burning, so we can successfully achieve weight loss goals.
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Weight Management Center, said Dr. Madelyn Fernstrom, it is not true. WebMD to Fernstrom said, you can walk to walk 15-20 minutes, and 10 pounds off weight, provided that you have to do every day, but if you can not reduce the intake of calories, you burn 100 calories, will be spent You one year's time, can be reduced by 10 pounds of body weight.
What makes people so troubled? Stop extra 150 calories and more than offset the exercise of all, he explained that they wasted the efforts of weight loss.
Fernstrom do not like the provision of public health messages and go step-by-step information 10000, or 1 day 45-1 minutes reduce the weight of the argument that people know what to do. She said that one day people will think, is not as good.
She suggested setting a realistic goal to start a 30-minute and a half miles of walking, then walk for 15 minutes, 1 mile, then walk 30 minutes 2 miles. Fernstrom stress that this idea is for a limited time to increase physical activity.
In order to be a short period of time, less excess body weight, helps reduce calories, but the movement is less than the cost of food, she explained, you have 1 day to reduce 500 calories, 1 week to 1 pound weight reduction, if you do every day Some sports, you only reduce the 350 calories, 150 pounds in weight loss when you try to be very valuable.
Fernstrom added that, of course, you can eat less and lose weight by without some movement, but understand that there are many books to tell you that to be effective weight loss, exercise will be an easier way.
Switzerland biostatistics at the University of Geneva researcher Dr. Michael Costanza to WebMD said that the 15-minute walk to the movement of your state of mind and heart, to be useful, but the weight loss is not enough. His papers are being published in the American Journal of Public Health.
Some of the researcher suggested that people lose weight is to reduce the 100-calorie diet, or through the daily 15-minute walk quickly in order to moderate or burning 100 calories.
His research on fat-burning ultra-realistic point of view, Costanza to WebMD said that more people need to walk the distance to get rid of excess body weight.
In this experiment, Costanza spent 5 years to complete the 6010 survey, aged between 35-year-old to 74 years among adults in Switzerland's lifestyle, and then burning fat for the day planning the following day walking campaign Suggested that arrangements were 15-30 minutes of walking, were divided into slow, medium, or campaign-style quickly scamper, Law decided to take a different metabolic rate and burn fat volume.
If his mother were in accordance with the approach recommended by the exercise, he found, such as the following:
* Average daily adult slow walk for 15 minutes, only 9 of burning calories.
* The average adult slow walk 30 minutes a day, burning only 25 calories.
The mother assumed that all those involved in the implementation of a more difficult exercise, the following results would be expected to:
* Moderate walking 15 minutes a day can burn 36 calories of heat.
* Walking quickly to increase calorie burning, quickly walking 30 minutes a day can burn 129 calories.
Costanza pointed out that if you set the goal of burning 100 calories a day for heat, the 15-minute walk exercise is not enough to walk the walk through the consumption of energy is very little, need more time to walk the trot In order to really increase calorie burning, so we can successfully achieve weight loss goals.
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Weight Management Center, said Dr. Madelyn Fernstrom, it is not true. WebMD to Fernstrom said, you can walk to walk 15-20 minutes, and 10 pounds off weight, provided that you have to do every day, but if you can not reduce the intake of calories, you burn 100 calories, will be spent You one year's time, can be reduced by 10 pounds of body weight.
What makes people so troubled? Stop extra 150 calories and more than offset the exercise of all, he explained that they wasted the efforts of weight loss.
Fernstrom do not like the provision of public health messages and go step-by-step information 10000, or 1 day 45-1 minutes reduce the weight of the argument that people know what to do. She said that one day people will think, is not as good.
She suggested setting a realistic goal to start a 30-minute and a half miles of walking, then walk for 15 minutes, 1 mile, then walk 30 minutes 2 miles. Fernstrom stress that this idea is for a limited time to increase physical activity.
In order to be a short period of time, less excess body weight, helps reduce calories, but the movement is less than the cost of food, she explained, you have 1 day to reduce 500 calories, 1 week to 1 pound weight reduction, if you do every day Some sports, you only reduce the 350 calories, 150 pounds in weight loss when you try to be very valuable.
Fernstrom added that, of course, you can eat less and lose weight by without some movement, but understand that there are many books to tell you that to be effective weight loss, exercise will be an easier way.
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